What are standard blackjack rules: the short version
Settling "What are standard blackjack rules?" means following a single hand from the deal to the payout. Blackjack is a contest between each player and the dealer, and the aim is to finish closer to twenty one than the dealer without going over. Every hand follows the same order: two cards each, a round of decisions for the players, then the dealer's own draw under fixed rules. Knowing the options at each step, and when each makes sense, is most of what the game asks.
Hitting takes another card and standing keeps the hand as it is. The right choice depends on the player's total and on the dealer's visible card, since the dealer must keep drawing to a set total whatever the players hold. A dealer showing a low card is more likely to bust, which is why standing on a modest total can be correct against a six and wrong against a ten. A hard total of seventeen or more is almost always a stand.
Basic strategy is a chart that gives the best decision for every player total against every dealer card, worked out by simulating millions of hands. It fits on a single card and is allowed at most online tables. Following it removes guesswork and keeps the game close to its lowest cost, while playing by hunch gives much of that back. Charts vary slightly with the table rules, so the right one matches the game in front of the player.
Doubling down doubles the stake in exchange for exactly one more card, and it works best on totals of ten or eleven against a weaker dealer card. Splitting turns a pair into two separate hands, each with its own stake, and is always worth doing with aces and eights under standard advice. Tens are kept together, since twenty is already a strong total. Table rules decide whether a split hand may be doubled or split again.
Answers in brief
Why must a strategy chart match the table rules?
Basic strategy is worked out by simulating millions of hands under particular rules, so charts differ slightly and the right one fits the game being played.
Which pairs should be split and which kept?
Standard advice always splits aces and eights, while tens stay together because twenty is already strong; table rules decide on doubling or resplitting afterwards.
What does a blackjack pay compared with an ordinary win?
An ace with a ten value card as the first two cards is a blackjack, and it usually pays more than a regular win, at the rate printed on the table.
How does the dealer's upcard affect hitting or standing?
A dealer showing a low card is more likely to bust, so standing on a modest total can be right against a six and wrong against a ten.